A
Abrash
Variations in tone in a single-color area, caused by the uneven take-up of dye. Abrash is most pronounced on handspun yarn dyed with vegetable colors and tribal rugs.
Agra
Emperor Akbar, grandson of the founder of the Mughal Empire, originated carpet production in Agra and the area became a major production center for the best of the classical Mughal Carpets. Usually composed of greens, blues, fawns, and tans, Agra carpets often exhibit open fields with smaller medallions and guards woven with wool.
Alchemy
Alchemy rugs are hand-knotted in Jaipur, India from upcycled silk saris and wool remnants. Their chromatic canvases are luminous by sun power, low-impact dye, and closed-loop water washes - an eco-conscious process signature to the Alchemy collection. Evolved over nearly 20 years, the exclusive Alchemy process is a living solution, one that creatively uses our environment — for the good — to intentionally compose stunning rug designs.
Art Deco
A style featuring angular lines with modern, abstract, and figurative motifs, and a color palette made up of interesting juxtapositions of light and dark. Though it originated in various regions across Europe, the most coveted Art Deco pieces were made in France, China, and Scandinavia.
Art Nouveau
A European style inspired by dark, heavy shades found in nature, Art Nouveau features colors like green, yellow, and brown. Curved, flowing lines that compose a series of symmetrical forms and patterns, from the simple to the intricate, are a fundamental characteristic of Art Nouveau rugs. Persian rugs influence the traditional composition.
Aubusson
Originating from a region near the Creuse River in central France, Aubusson rugs feature a dominant cream ground, with an outline of darker colors such as deep tan or brown. Grand designs of frames and cartouches hung with garlands are colored in large swaths of cool hues such as tan, rose-magenta, or mauve.
B
Bakshaish
Persian rugs produced in North Iran, near the Caucasus. The hand woven color palate is of rich, transparent colors, in a bold, geometric, dynamic, and abstract design.
Baluch
Persian rugs created in Baluchistan, now part of Iran and Pakistan, recognized for their unique bright color combinations. The design is typically a tree-of-life motif, but they can also feature geometric repeat designs, or diamond latch hook medallion patterns. Baluch rugs have a coarsely woven structure and exceptional wool quality.
Bessarabian
Romanian rugs with floral patterns, crafted in a naturalistic western style featuring brown or black ground. The rug has a knotted-pile and is flat woven with vivid coloring.
Bidjar
Named for a town in Persian Kurdistan, Bidjar also refers to rugs produced in surrounding villages. The color palate is rich and jewel toned. The designs depict the Kurdish influence of the area: floral and classical geometric motifs, as well as the use of large, whimsical medallion designs. All of the knots are symmetrical and the rows are beaten down during the weaving process, which produces a dense compact fabric.
Borders
Bands, usually decorated with patterns that differ from those in the main field and form a visual frame around the field, enhancing the main design.
Boteh
A paisley motif that is one of the most common motifs in oriental carpet design.
C
Casablanca
The majesty of the rugged Atlas mountain range and the luminous Moroccan desert have inspired Berber weavers for centuries. ABC has worked for decades to develop and promote the work of these remote cultures and communities. Casablanca’s are spontaneously woven by these nomadic artisans without any formal design graph or direction. The colorings employed mirror the beauty and tonality of the surrounding environment.
Caucasian Rug
Rugs that originated in the Caucasus and feature geometric, floral, tribal, or primitive designs in rich and varied colors. The warp and weft is from natural wool, tied with a Turkish knot.
Chemical Washing
Also called antique washing or antiquing, it is a chemical process that simulates the natural aging process, fading colors and adding luster to the pile. The process may cause damage to the rug.
Chinese Rug
Chinese rugs incorporate unique designs, such as dragons, local art, and ornamental objects. Some also feature both medallion and all-over formats. The colors are lively and energetic, and include rich jewel tones of magenta, turquoise, emerald, ruby, and violet. Chinese rugs are usually made of wool and silk and have a plushy and luxurious feel.
Color Reform
Imperfect, vintage rugs are reinvented through the evolutionary Color Reform project - an exclusive ABC concept that harnesses the philosophy of color to transform space and personal experience. Combining tradition with design innovation, ABC works hand in hand with local artisans in a remote region of Turkey to create each intricate, hand-knotted piece. The rugs are first laid to dry, using the natural energy of the sun to neutralize them of original color, then individually over-dyed and washed by artisans who use each piece as a canvas for creative expression. The result is a remarkable chromatic composition that reflects a unique artistic expression while still retaining the essence of original design - a one-of-a-kind work of art that is organically born through color.
Cotton
Cotton is a fiber harvested from cotton plants. It is commonly used in the creation of flat weave rugs. Cotton can be transformed into canvas or chenille depending on how it is spun. Cotton is relatively affordable and its biodegradable nature makes it an ideal option if you tend to redecorate often.
Curvilinear Design
The carpet design that relies on high knot count to produce intricately curved designs worked from fluid organic lines.
D
Dama
Discover the Dama, a vintage rug collection that pops with verve and panache. Alive in color and exotic patterns, each one-of-a-kind piece is hand-knotted in Turkey from a unique wool blend. A mosaic of vivid harlequin prints born from the modernist movement of the 1950s, the Art Deco inspired aesthetic features a fusion of prints in a starburst of colors. An ABC exclusive collection, the Dama is Art Deco revitalized.
E
Ethos
Challenging innovation while embracing tradition, Ethos represents a new forward-thinking approach to design - an intersection of the past, present, and future. Fusing the essence of traditional Ikat textiles with modern design, these stimulating motifs are inspired by rare 19th century Central Asian textiles, reinterpreted and articulated in handspun, recycled vintage Sari silk. Handcrafted in India by highly skilled artisans using a unique knotting technique, the luxurious silk construction is indicative of the modern form. The luminous, iridescent surface produces incredible intensity variations dependent upon the angle of the observer. Slightly irregular in design, the exotic motifs blend into adjacent colors and design variations to create a visually dramatic composition with unexpected continuity.
F
Field
Also called ground, refers to the central area of a carpet where the main design is worked, which is framed by the border.
Flatweave
Rugs without pile or knots, flat weave rugs are crafted on a loom and threaded through the warps. Some examples of flat weave rugs are Kilim and Dhurries.
Foundation
The network of warp and weft threads onto which the knots are tied. The foundation of a tribal rug is usually made of wool, which gives the finished carpet a floppy feel. The foundation of a city or village rug is often cotton, which produces a strong foundation.
Fresco
The Fresco collection reimagines the world of vintage rugs and breathes new life into their timeworn patinas. Each vintage rug is neutralized of its original colors through solar power and water washes. Evoking the nuanced finish of the Fresco paintings of Cimabue, soft pastel canvases become worlds in themselves & the details of an ancient past are enlivened with a modern, distressed look.
Fringe
The trailing ends of the warp threads left at the top and bottom of a carpet for decorative effect. The fringe may be loose or decoratively knotted depending on local custom. Occasionally the fringe is worked back into the carpet. If the fringe becomes damaged, the carpet is in danger of unraveling.
G
Gabbeh
A type of traditional tribal carpet originally made by the Qashqai tribe in the Zagros Mountains of Iran. They have a rough, primitive look with playful geometric forms and animal or human figures, and feature broad fields of color. Gabbeh rugs have a deep pile that is often an inch thick, and a relatively low knot density.
Ghiordes
Early Ghiordes prayer rugs are among the most iconic of their type in Anatolia, Turkey, and in the surrounding area. Strong colors, vibrant red backgrounds, and soft pastels reminiscent of Oushak rugs are featured prominently in larger area rugs and Ghiordes' highly prized room-sized carpets. They traditionally feature angular prayer niches, highly decorative spandrels, architectural pillars, medallions, curvilinear arabesques, and repeating motifs. Antique Turkish carpets from the area tend to favor botanical motifs, rather than the angular symbols that characterize carpets from the Caucasus. Ghiordes rugs are typically made from the highest quality wool, which is placed over a hand-spun cotton foundation to produce extremely strong rugs.
Gol
The literal meaning is “foreign flower” and is based on the French Savonnerie carpets that resemble stylized and somewhat angular cabbage roses.
H
Hand-Knotted
The most time consuming, labor intensive way to produce a rug in which individual yarns are knotted around pair of warp yarns that run the length of the rug. In general, the more knots per square inch, the more durable and valuable the rug is. There are two: Persian and Turkish. The Persian knot is asymmetric and open to either the right of the left, while the Turkish knot is symmetric. kinds of knots that can be used
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